What is Boron carbide

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Boron carburide is a high-performance carbon compound, which consists primarily of boron, carbon, and other elements. The chemical formula for B4C is B4C. It is widely used by industries, the military, aerospace and other fields because of its characteristics, such as high hardness and melting point. This article will give a detailed description of the physical properties and chemical composition, as well as preparation methods, performance characteristics, and application areas for boron carbide. References are provided to support research in other fields.

Physical Properties

Boron carbide, a non-metallic inorganic material, has a mass density of 2.52g/cm3. It has a dense black crystal structure, a cubic lattice and a 0.243nm lattice constant. Boron carbide exhibits a low electrical conductivity of only 10-6S/m, and has excellent insulation. Its thermal resistance is 97W/m*K. This is lower than that of metals, silicon and ceramics but higher than glass and other materials.

Chemical Properties

Boron carbide exhibits chemical stability, and it is not reactive to acids or alkalis. B4C is reactive with O2, H2O and other substances. High temperatures can generate B2O3, CO etc. B4C has anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance. This makes it suitable for use over a long period of time in high-temperature, corrosive environments.

Preparation method

Preparation methods for boron carbide The main methods are the carbon thermal decomposition method, arc melting and chemical vapour deposit method.

Methode de réduction du carbothermal

Carbon thermal reduction (CTR) is widely used to prepare boron carbide . This method generates carbon dioxide and boron carburide by melting boric black and carbon. The reaction formula is B2O3+3C + B4C+CO. The reaction temperature ranges from 1500 to 1700°C. The method has the advantage of being simple, low-cost, and easy to use. However, the boron carbide produced is not of high purity.

Arc melting method

In the arc melting process, graphite electrodes are heated and melted in a reaction between boric acid or borax to create boron carbide. The reaction formula is B2O3+3C + B4C. The reaction temperature ranges between 1800 and 2000°C. The boron-carbide prepared using this method is high in purity, with fine particles. However, the process is complicated and expensive.

Chemical vapour deposition method

Chemical vapour deposition uses a reaction between carbon black and gaseous brorane at high temperature to create boron carburide. The reaction formula is B2H6+6C B4C+6H2. Reaction temperature ranges between 1000-1200°C. The boron-carbide prepared using this method is high in purity, with superfine particles. However, the process is complicated and expensive.

Performance Characterization

The performance characterisation of boron carbide The term 'property' is used to describe mainly chemical, physical and mechanical characteristics.

Physical property

Density, conductivity and thermal conductivity are the main physical properties of Boron carbide. They are: density 2.52g/cm3, conductivity 10-6S/m, and thermal conductivity 97W/m*K.

Chemical property

Boron carbide exhibits chemical stability, and it is not reactive to acids and alkalis. B4C is reactive with O2, H2O and other substances. High temperatures can generate B2O3, CO etc. B4C has anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance. This makes it suitable for long term use in high temperature, corrosive environments.

Mechanical property

Boron carbide's high melting point, hardness and heat transfer make it a popular material in the aerospace, military and industrial fields. Hardness of 3500kg/mm2, melting point 2450, and heat transfer rate 135W/m*K are among the characteristics that make boron carbide so popular in industries, military, aerospace, and other fields.

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